Regarding the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and countries like Iran, and secondarily with other countries, several economic and trade cooperation agreements and frameworks have been established, the most important of which are summarized below:
✅ Main Agreements
- Between Iran and the EAEU:
- A comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between Iran and the EAEU member states (Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan) has been signed and became enforceable on May 15, 2025.
- According to this agreement, the average import tariff on goods from EAEU members to Iran has decreased from about 20% to approximately 4.5%.
- Furthermore, reports indicate that Iran’s exports to EAEU members grew by about 22% in the first quarter after the implementation of this agreement.
- A “roadmap” for the implementation and operationalization of this agreement has also been developed and is set to be pursued in the coming years (e.g., 2025–2028).
- Between other countries like Pakistan and Iran/Russia/Afghanistan:
- Pakistan approved a framework called the “B2B Barter Trade Mechanism” with Iran, Russia, and Afghanistan in June 2023.
- This framework was then amended in October 2025: removal of the “export before import” requirement, permission for private companies to form consortia, and an increase in the transaction deadline from 90 to 120 days.
🧮 Notes on “Barter” within the EAEU Framework
Although the Iran-EAEU agreement is primarily in the form of “tariff liberalization” (monetary/currency-based trade), some reports also point to the possibility of settlement through goods or alternative instruments and the removal of currency barriers, especially for countries under sanctions or with limited access to free currency. For example:
- There are reports that EAEU member or partner countries are seeking to encourage barter or goods-for-goods exchange mechanisms to circumvent currency barriers.
- However, the main focus of the official Iran-EAEU FTA texts is “tariff reduction” and “market access,” not necessarily barter trade.
📝 Important Details to Consider
The table below summarizes key details about the Iran-EAEU FTA mentioned in your text and supported by the search results.
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Tariffs | Reduction from ~20% to ~4.5% for imports from EAEU to Iran. |
| Product Coverage | Approximately 87% of goods between Iran and the EAEU are covered by the agreement. |
| Implementation Timeline | Contract signed in December 2023, entered into force on May 15, 2025. |
| Trade Growth Target | One source cites a 14.6% growth in trade between Iran and the EAEU in 2024. |
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